Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist known primarily for his work in classical conditioning. The following monument and fountain, known as Pavlov’s Dog, is located in the garden of the Institute of Experimental Medicine at the Apothecary island in Saint-Petersburg, Russia. Dogs are often used in dental research for carrying of studies such as bone healing, dental caries, dental materials, growth studies, oral cancer, etc. In the Russian city of Ufa, known for its number of dental clinics, there is this bronze monument of a dog and a puppy. The plaque attached to the large boulder carries the inscription: “ The animals for their invaluable contribution to the development of medical science,” or something like that according to Google’s machine translation. This monument of a sad-looking dog can be seen at the entrance to the Grodno Medical University, in Belarus. Several universities and research institutes in countries of the former Soviet Union have monuments dedicated to animals. At its peak the nursery had about 5,000 monkeys, but now it has only around 300 African and Asian monkeys. The monkey nursery is also renowned for the testing of vaccines for polio, measles, hepatitis, and for new antibiotics and drugs for many other diseases. Eight monkey astronauts from the nursery have made it to orbit. Sukhumi’s monkey nursery was renowned in Soviet times for training monkeys for space flights. It was erected in 1977 on occasion of the 50th founding anniversary of the monkey nursery at the institute. The baboon monument is located on the campus of the Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy, in Sukhumi, a city on the coast of the Black Sea. The baboon is depicted sitting on a pedestal, on which are carved the names of human diseases studied and defeated thanks to the experiments on monkeys. The males have long hairs, up to a foot long, on their shoulders that hang like a cloak covering their upper body. As you can probably see, the animal is pretty odd looking. It’s a monkey, or rather a frilled baboon, also called a Hamadryad. The bronze monument was erected the following year. The first stone of the monument was laid in 2012 on the occasion of the 55th anniversary of the founding of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics. According to the director of the Institute, Nikolai Kolchanov, the Monument to the laboratory mouse “symbolizes gratitude for the animal that humanity has used to study genetics, molecular and physical mechanisms of diseases, as well as for the development of new drugs.” The statue depicts a mouse in a lab coat and glasses, knitting the DNA double helix. Photo credit: Irina Gelbukh/WikimediaĪ statue located in front of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Akademgorodok, near the city of Novosibirsk, pays tribute to the millions of mice sacrificed every year all over the world in the name of science. Monument to lab mouse in Novosibirsk, Russia. The scientific community is well aware of the invaluable role these rodents have played in the development of modern medicine and the lengthening of the average human lifespan from just 40 years at the turn of the 20th century to over 70 years today. These tiny, furry creatures have been one of the go-to animals for biomedical researchers around the world for studies relating to everything from cancer to the effects of space travel on the human body. About 85 percent of these animals are rats and mice. The United States’ National Academies of Sciences estimates that as many as 22 million vertebrate animals are used every year in the United States alone for research and testing.
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